Introduction

The Maratha Empire was founded by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, born in 1630 at Shivneri Fort. His establishment of an independent Maratha kingdom, or Swarajya, marked a turning point in the political history of the Deccan.

Early Influences

Shivaji Maharaj's father, Shahaji Bhosale, was a respected military commander who served the Nizamshahi and Adilshahi Sultanates. His mother, Jijabai, played a central role in his upbringing, instilling values of courage, justice, and independence.

Shivaji Maharaj was also influenced by the teachings of the Bhakti saints and mentors such as Dadoji Konddev, who helped shape his early administrative training at Pune.

The First Steps of Swarajya

Shivaji Maharaj began his campaign for independence at a young age, capturing the fort of Torna in 1645. This was followed by the acquisition of several other forts in the Sahyadri mountain range, including Rajgad, which later became an early capital.